Types of Personality in Psychology | Objective Methods of Personality Assessment

Personality is a combination of emotion, motivation, behavior and thought patterns that define a person. 
There are several types of personalities are related to psychology such as narcissism, introversion, extroversion, charismatic, psychopathic, paranoid, borderline, and hysterical personality.

In psychology, personality assessment involves scoring, recording, managing, and interpreting empirically supported measures of personality traits and types to form and communicate psychological interventions; refining clinical diagnosis and increasing the accuracy of behavior prediction in various contexts and settings.

Types of personality in psychology and methods of personality assessment

Types of Personality in Psychology | Objective Methods of Personality Assessment

Psychology as a Science

General psychology is defined as a science, which studies human behavior as a response to a person. 

The responses vary according to the different stimuli, in addition to examining the effect of heredity and the internal and external environment of the individual on his trends and interactions with himself and his society.

The practical branches of modern psychology such as industrial psychology, criminal psychology, social psychology, and many other branches and classifications, each of which deals with a specific field.

Psychological studies were not based on scientific fields, and then they were linked by scientists to the science of feeling, which is the most important mental phenomenon, and psychology became a science depends on the study of human behavior and actions; because of its association with the same person with consciousness or unconsciousness. 

Consciousness or unconsciousness can be an essential part of human actions and thoughts.

Psychological assessment examines the behavioral interactions of the individual in their verbal, kinetic, mental, emotional or affective relationships, and the interrelationships between them for the purpose of understanding this behavior, finding appropriate ways to analyze and understand it, and predicting problems and obstacles that may conflict with the individual in a particular situation and their expected responses to them.

 In general, psychology helps to understand the patterns of different personalities and to expect their impressions, perceptions and different positions.

Personality Psychology

Personality psychology is defined as a branch of general psychology.

Personality psychology is concerned with the study of emotional behavioral characteristics and phenomena in individuals.

Personality psychology is the science that studies the psychological characteristics in men such as impression, mood, behavioral patterns, and psychological forces, in addition to studying the role of unconsciousness in behavior programming, and the importance of experiences that influenced the process of creating personality traits in childhood.

Read more: How to Change Your Personality for the Better

Personality Assessment in Psychology

 Objective Methods of Personality Assessment:  Personality assessment is the competence and professionalism in professional psychology which includes recording, managing and interpreting empirically supported measures of personality types and traits in order to refine clinical diagnosis and inform psychological intervention.

There are many characters that we live with, each with specific characteristics distinguish them from others. 

There are many different tests in the field of personality analysis. These tests have many benefits; they help in understanding the individual for himself and those around him, and to identify ways to make decisions and interact with the environment, and know the positive and negative aspects of the individual, as well as to recognize the strengths and ways to strengthen them. 

In the beginning, we must know that understanding the human psyche and knowledge of the drivers of its behavior and the motives of its actions is not easy.

It requires a great deal of knowledge and experience to arrive at personal analysis in close proximity to accuracy because the results in psychology and psychological study are not 100% confirmed.

To be able to anticipate and deal with human behavior, we need to identify the personality traits of each personality that represent the human race, which means analyzing personalities in detail in order to learn how to adapt to them and coexist with the environment in which they are present. 

It also means the need for a great deal of foresight, reading, and self-understanding in order to understand others.

The process of personality analysis in psychology is not a science that has no value or benefit, but it has great values and benefits.

Understanding of human personalities facilitates the process of building a human being and achieving a social and psychological consensus that guarantees a stable life for all.

To achieve this purpose, we need to clarify patterns of personality and deviation in order to help the person understand himself first and also understand others.

How Many Types of Personality are There in Psychology?

Types of Personality in Psychology  - Methods of Personality tests - professional psychology

Personality Psychology Types and Traits

There are several types of personalities that have been reached and categorized by scientists and concerned with psychology. 

Recognizing and understanding the types of characters is very important so that the person can discover himself, and also discover the characters that deal with them daily, to help them understand their behavior, which makes dealing with them better.

Each character (personality) possesses some specific qualities that are distinguished by a general nature of their own, and these types of characters may be positive or negative.

Here some important personalities and characters are discussed:

Narcissistic Personality

 A narcissistic man is generally a person who cares about himself excessively or a person who appreciates himself.

The most important characteristics of people who possess a narcissistic personality are:

• Superficial in dealing with things.
• Trying to exploit the weaknesses of others, and dominate them.
• Always striving to beautify their own images in all ways and shapes.
• Trying to exaggerate attention to personal achievements and talent they possess, believing that they are unique of their kind.
• The desire to receive special treatment from everyone.

People with narcissistic personalities love the exploitation of others and make use of them for personal and private gain.

They do not sympathize with others in any way and be jealous of the success of other people.

Introverted Personality

This character has many qualities, including:

• The desire for isolation and exclusivity, where they prefer to enjoy individually to enjoy jointly.
• The decline of emotions, the cruelty of the heart, and the coldness of emotions.
• The weakness of psychological emotions, and indifference to the feelings of others.
• Not to be swayed by criticism or praise.
• The inability to express human feelings.
• Preference for individual work, and disciplines that support that area.

Avoidant Personality 

The individual becomes a nervous person as a result of the pressure he is subjected to, and the inability to respond to the abuse directed against him.

This nervous tension that a person experiences on a daily basis can cause him to feel headaches or fatigue in the body.

Charismatic Personality

The most important characteristics of this personality are:

Self-confidence where self-confidence is one of the characteristics and attributes that a human must possess because it reflects his absolute attractiveness.

Positive mental attitude, as the pessimistic person does not love the people around him, and the positive person is able to spread the feeling of familiarity and interdependence among others.

Compulsive Personality

In compulsive personality, the person is incapable of expressing his feelings, and if he expresses his feelings, he is very conservative and rigid and others understand that he is arrogant; as a result, they do not want to make him their friend; so he has very few friends.

A person with compulsive personality loves commitment, hates chaos, likes work and strives for it, but he faces a problem in making decisions.

He is a very outspoken person who is not fluent in words and courtesy, does not trust anyone easily.

Psychologists say: This person is anxious and tense, and can suffer from some diseases, such as migraine, nervous colon, stomach pain.

Psychopathic Personality

A man without a sense; this person is dependent on his lusts and greed, and maybe allowed to face from the outside but lacks feelings internally; he does not give up and sacrifice for anyone. 

His dictionary does not have the words of love, goodness, homeland, honesty or honor. He does not review himself at all. He does not know remorse or guilt, and he does not know of faith, despite his ability to represent the role of the pious believer.

If he is in a position of leadership or authority, he follows the policy of repression and oppression. He uses his assistants to harm his opponents and takes an aggressive stance against society.

He is closer to the predator than the human being, does not benefit punishment or treatment, and has a great ability to practice fraud and treason.

Psychologists say: This person is a demon in the form of a human being, a living embodiment of all inferior meanings.

Through a quick look at the analysis of the figures we presented, we find that human beings are not equal in their mental health, and are not similar in their emotional characteristics.

To be very understanding, you have to look more at those traits and characteristics.

Paranoid Personality

Someone who is centered around himself, and he lacks a sense of beauty and creative art, and does not see himself at all wrong, and does not accept any kind of criticism, has a kind of paranoia, and through the analysis of different characters.

It is clear to us that this person has a constant sense of oppression; therefore, he doubts everyone, expects harm from them, incites them to hatred and discomfort, and can turn into an aggressive person, criticizing others in a vicious manner, not taking into account their feelings.

By dealing with him, it is possible that he always wants to attack others. At the same time, every word, even if it is merely a fleeting word, is considered a kind of attack on him and an insult he does not accept. 

He is always underestimated by others, it is difficult for those around him to satisfy him. 

Psychologists say: This is the personality of the extremists. He must be treated with calm and cautious; because he does not hesitate to hurt those who oppose him.

Hysterical Personality

Have you tried to live in hell? This is what surrounds this type of personality. Through the analysis of hysterical personalities, it is clear to us the extent of the suffering experienced by those who deal with it, and yet their owners themselves do not feel suffering because they are not clinging to what is around them.

This personality is characterized by a kind of acute selfishness that drives them to move away from emotional attachment. 

This is also characterized by a kind of superficiality, especially in its often unexplained emotions.

It is an exaggeration in all that surrounds an exaggerated sense of illness, for example, and results in many social problems such as repeated divorce.

A hysterical person is far-fetched, stingy, loves to grab everything, frenzied for trivial reasons, temperament is sharp and volatile. 

This personality is often influenced by inspiration and depends on the transmission of fears of the surrounding world, and this is more prevalent among women than among men.

Psychologists say: hysterical personality is different from hysteria.

Dual Personality

This is a dissociative identity disorder (DID), previously known as a dual character or multiple personality disorder. 

A picture of mental illness appears during a personality assessment. It resembles a hysterical personality.

The owner of this personality may live in two different styles with two contradictory characters at the same time and place.

He usually does not know that he is a patient who needs treatment for what he is suffering.

Psychiatry with medication has achieved great success in treating such cases, but the risk remains if treatment is stopped.

Despite this duplication, the level of intelligence is not affected but is very intelligent and will also.

We can not determine the direct cause of this situation and perhaps the weakness of personality is the most important reason.

Extraverted Personality

We find through the analysis of different personalities a large degree of openness and a sense of warmth and the need for others, with a high degree of desire to work together. 

A person high in extraversion is enthusiastic and outgoing. He has vitality and activity and feels bored when he is alone.

He has a tendency to seek out the company and stimulation of other people and prefers the business that needs cooperation.

He is successful in the political and teaching fields and in the work of advertising and marketing.

Depressive Personality

A personality who sees nothing but darkness and paints his entire life in dark gray and does not feel beautiful in anything around him.

He is always feeling sad and this feeling is reflected in his behavior and his dealings with others all the time.

Even the music he hears is sad, and all his thoughts tend toward pessimism, which is rarely seen as a laugh or a smile.

The analysis of his personalities gives the real indicator of his tendency to silence, often negative and weak, and only thinks of death, and may develop into chronic depression.

Nevertheless, he often has a technical sense and may be very intelligent.

Borderline Personality

Borderline personality has a long-term pattern of abnormal and dangerous behavior and self-harm characterized by unstable relationships with other people and a feeling of unstable emotions.

People may also struggle with a fear of abandonment and a feeling of emptiness. Symptoms and traits may occur because of events that look natural. 

The behavior usually begins in early adulthood and occurs in many situations. Drug abuse, substance misuse, depression, tension, and eating disorders are commonly associated with it. 

Volatile Personality

A volatile personality is a kind of Borderline personality disorder(BPD). Its pattern emerges through the analysis of personalities.

It combines the introverted and the extroverted human, with situations of distress and desire for unity and in other cases, it can be the opposite. This personality fluctuation has no external cause.

When you see happy active joy, there are no external factors in this, and in cases of boredom there are no external factors that caused it, but this is the nature of his personality.

The problem of this personality is that this transformation may be in a sharp form that some believe to be a satisfactory condition, and may accuse others of the absurdity and lack of seriousness, and may feel the kind of stress because of the change in mood between the moment, and the owners of this type of personalities are susceptible to periodic and non-chronic depression.

Configurations of Personality

Personality tests in psychology - Personality components

Mechanisms by which Personality Traits Get Outside the Skin

The personality of the individual is the harmonious interaction between physical behavior and psychological behavior; however, the mechanism of this behavioral interaction may be innate such as maternity, lactation and other preparations and behavioral patterns that are generated with the individual, or an environment gradually acquired by the individual experiences.

In the various stages of life, Instinct is a self-readiness of the individual environmental conditions. 

It is possible to know the personality as a system that is integrated and relatively stable, which are the physical or psychological features characterized by a particular individual, and the mechanism of interaction with the physical and social environment, and can display the components of the initial personality as follows:

Body: The body with the soul as a whole, an important element of the composition of the personality.

The body, whether it is good or with any illness, it affects the mood of the individual and the manner of interaction with himself and his community negatively or positively.

Intelligence and abilities: The intelligence and mental competencies of the individual affect the formation of the personality and his positive compatibility with himself and his community and vary responses of individuals and their interactions according to different mental abilities, and the abstract view of the facts or incidents of the day and others.

Mood: Mood is one of the most important elements in the building of the personality; where some believe that the mood due to the interaction of chemical elements in the body; where the mood varies depending on these interactions.

There is certainly a general emotional energy in the individual to produce behaviors based on the level of intelligence in the individual, and instincts move according to the changing nature of the situation.

Creativity: It is the most important factor that forms the character, which gives it the qualities of good and evil, honesty, cooperation, lying, friendship, perseverance, and deception.

Environment: The environment plays an important role in the formation of the first building blocks of the personality.

The environment is composed first of the house, showing the impact of the scientific level of the parents on all economic, ethical and other aspects.

In addition, the normal formation methods produce stable individuals.

It helps to mature the personality of the individual and the root of sound ethics and the formation of different behavioral patterns, balanced school environment and constructive generation of educated and informed and advanced.

Thirdly, it is society, its customs and traditions, political systems, social norms, and material, moral and spiritual values.

Freud's Personality Components

Sigmund Freud is the founder of the School of Psychoanalysis, which dealt with the aspects of personality and its components; the division of the personality into three sections as follows:

Ego: It controls voluntary movements as a result of interactions between sensory and muscular perception, as well as the task of examining and storing external environmental stimuli in the form of expertise, avoiding exposure to unwanted experiences, and adapting to moderate experiences.

Super-ego: It is a repository of ideas, ethics, conscience, goodness, right and all attributes of higher values.

The mechanism and integrity of the higher ego are influenced by parents and their replacement by well-known educators and personalities, which can be controlled and refined by the individual's culture and educational level.

Id: It is the origin of psycho-biological energy, it contains innate instincts that are born with man; It is the primordial image of the personality before it is refined by both society and the environment.

It is located in a deep part of the soul that has no relation to the reality beyond norms and values. Its activity and interactions capture the principle of pleasure and pain, and the superego is often an officer of this activity.

Conclusion

Each person is characterized by a certain personality, which includes all the characteristics of a person and makes it unique to others.

Equality and similarity among the general characteristics of personality among individuals lie in the fact that personality remains in the form of a person's imprint.