Nanotechnology benefits and challenges.
Nanotechnology is one of the fields of materials science that directly relates to physics, mechanical engineering, bioengineering, and chemical engineering, where it forms a range of disciplines that look at material properties at the micro-level.
There are many applications of nanotechnology in different areas of life.
There are also some challenges regarding nanotechnology applications and are some negative effects of nanotechnology in our life.
Let's read this article to find out nanotechnology benefits and challenges.
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| Nanotechnology benefits and challenges |
Applications of Nanotechnology in Everyday Life: Are There Any Negative Effects of Nanotechnology?
Overview
There is no doubt that this age is
the era of the scientific and technological boom. There is a sequence of
technological advances that are the most prominent features of this century.
One of the most sophisticated
technologies we often hear is "Nanotechnology".
Nanotechnology, also known as
nanoparticle technology or nanotech, is the technology that studies the ability
to manipulate matter on the atomic scale,
Nanotechnology aims to devise new
nanometer-sized particles using technologies and instruments, which are part of
a thousand micrometers.
This technology is not only
specialized in biology but also extends to the properties of materials.
Nanotechnology deals with any
phenomena at the level of nanostructures, which can lead to new electromagnetic
and optical phenomena of matter that were not known before.
What is
Nanotechnology?
Nano- (symbol n) is a unit prefix
which is a very small unit of measurement and used primarily with the
metric system and denotes a factor of 10−9 or "one billionth".
It is impossible to see
nanoparticles with the naked eye or some simple amplifiers.
Nano is used in atomic measurements
to determine the size of the molecules in the material.
The science that studies the
possibility of changing the material at the level of nanometers called
nanotechnology, which produces new materials or advanced devices to serve the
interests of humanity in different fields.
Nanoscience or nanotechnology is one
of the fields of materials science that directly relates to physics, mechanical
engineering, bioengineering, and chemical engineering, where it forms a range
of disciplines that look at material's properties at the micro-level.
This technology can be defined as a scientific application concerned with the production of objects by assembling
them at the micro-level using their basic components of atom and particles.
Nanotechnology enables scientists to
make something new, and here may produce new materials with new characteristics
not previously known, and it opens many areas in front of humans to discover
materials that contribute to the development and service of humanity.
Applications
of Nanotechnology in Everyday Life
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| Applications of Nanotechnology in Daily Life |
Applications of Nanotechnology: Positive
Effects of Nanotechnology
There are many applications of
nanotechnology in different areas of life such as:
The fields of
electronic devices: Nanotechnology
was the most important technological development in the twentieth century,
which contributed to the manufacture and invention of silicon electronics or
transistor and electronic laboratories, and emerged in so-called small segments
that led to a technical revolution in all areas: communications, the computer,
and medicine.
After 1950, the invention of small
slices led to the simplest application and help for technology in the modern world that they created the color television, which was previously given only
high-priced black and white television,
but they made it easy for everyone
to have a color television for himself and his family.
LED technology present in television
screens and smartphones have become more beautiful and clear.
The field of
microelectronics: There are so-called
semiconductors, which combine metallic and nonmetallic properties. This
variation in physical and chemical behavior can be used for modern science.
Nanotechnology is here to make these
semiconductors with electronic properties by extrusion of metal alloys of these
elements - the silicon element - for example, fine elements of the accuracy of
nanoparticles such as phosphorus, to form our so-called Diodes and Transistors,
which are the chips used in the manufacture of computers, central processing units,
and all electronic and electrical devices.
Medical
field: Scientists have
been able to make precision blood-size machines to treat many surgical
conditions such as arterial blockages and tumors.
Electronic nose (e-nose) is invented
with the help of nanotechnology, using carbon nanotubes to diagnose cancer
diseases by analyzing the air that comes out of the lungs during the exhalation
process.
In the fields of medicine,
nanotechnology has provided amazing work. Scientists have recently created
microrobots that can move in the arteries and inside the body, and then allow
the treatment of blood clots through a fleet of robots.
In this process, microrobots are
injected into the diseased area for immediate treatment.
The study of the primary components
of cells, and their properties using magnifying microscopes, as well as the
pharmaceutical industry, microscopic injection, DNA study, cell proliferation
in chronic diseases, Staphylococcus and others, are all applications of
nanotechnology.
Aeronautical field: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) has created precision nanotechnology machines to inject them into
astronauts to monitor health conditions.
Energy Field: By using nanotechnology, many storage batteries are produced
that store large amounts of energy and for long periods, thus producing clean,
low-cost, non-oil-based cars.
Industrial
field: We see nanotechnology in many
industries, through the careful use of manufacturing technology, as well as
trying to reduce the sizes of industries and make them achieve the basic goal
and in smaller volumes, and may also, lead us to reduce the economic burden by
finding solutions less expensive than it is now.
Nanotechnology is used in a smart
clothing industry that produces energy, removes dirt and germs by itself, as
well as a solid material industry that outperforms steel with a lightweight,
and in the dust-resistant, heat-resistant glass industry, and a three-dimensional,
transparent and flexible display.
Nanotechnology
in Manufacturing
This technology is used in the
manufacture of a range of commodities, especially those that use nanoparticles
of various kinds, such as aluminum and titanium, and therefore they are present
in cosmetics and anti-radiation ointments.
The nanoparticles block all UV rays
and the ointment remains transparent.
In addition, they have been added to
antibiotics and silver nanoparticles are now widely used in sports clothing to
eliminate unpleasant odors of sweat because they are antimicrobial in nature.
Nanotechnology
in Chemistry
The nanotechnology revolution
contributed to the creation of an environment for joint work between chemists
and other specialists in the fields of physics, biology, and engineering until
it reached cooperation with materialists, industry, and so that scientists and
specialists in each type of science could advance their science quickly.
They understand the requirements of other
sciences in order to arrive at a mechanism of efficient cooperation among them.
The nanoscience specialists are now
working on organic chemistry, polymer chemistry, product synthesis, and other
fields.
They are based on a wide range of
options for preparing and creating finite parts with electronic, magnetic,
optical, chemical, and mechanical properties, that can be subjected to
the interpretation of the system within the finite space.
Negative Effects of Nanotechnology
There are some negative aspects of
nanotechnology in our life. Nanoparticles can enter the body through the
lungs, skin and digestive system.
Nanoparticles in the body can form 'free
radicals' and can cause lung inflammation, heart problems, cell damage and DNA
damage.
Major Challenges in Nanotechnology
The difficulties and challenges of
this technology lie when scientists try to control the atoms, after dividing
the material into a group of atoms and their constituent particles.
At the time, nanotechnology requires
the use of very precise instruments in terms of size and measurements and the
ability to see the atoms and molecules during the examination.
In addition, to achieve accurate
measurement in order to reach the level of corn.
This technology is facing some
difficulties because of the existence of a lot of fear and controversy about
it, fearing its impact on the future.
Major challenges in nanotechnology
can be stated in simple words as:
—The small size of the molecules of matter, which means the
difficulty of control, or even recognition.
—The difficulty of controlling the particles of materials after
being removed from their places in order to direct them to new places.
—Inability to predict the results of changing molecules, which may
mean the appearance of undesirable results.
The Health Impact of Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology can cause malignant
tumors in those who deal with nanoparticles directly.
In nanotechnology, the materials are
manufactured using nanotubes that can impact on human health as they can enter
the body easily through the pores of the skin or by inhalation because of their
microscopic nature, and if entered into the body it is difficult to get rid of
them, so there is no medical treatment.