Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorder that
begins in early childhood and continues throughout a person's life.
ASD affects a person's speech, communication, interaction,
social interests and frequent type of compulsive behavior and leads to
repetitive body movements, moving constantly and obsessive attachment to
unusual objects.
ASD includes what was known as Asperger syndrome and
pervasive developmental disorders.
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| A child with Autism -Spectrum Disorder |
Autism Spectrum
Disorder (ASD): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
Autism or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined as a broad
range of conditions that affects nervous growth, which leads to the weakening of the child's mental ability and interaction with others.
Children
with autism have great difficulty in practicing many behaviors, hobbies, and
many different activities.
This
disorder often begins in childhood during the first three years of the child's
life; many symptoms appear on the child through which he can know his autism.
Autism
is usually observed on the child at an early age, affecting its various
developmental aspects. It shows an imbalance in its social interaction.
Autism
is characterized by the repetition of certain behavioral patterns and weak
verbal and nonverbal communication with others.
Symptoms
of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autistic
signs appear in children who are mildly infected until they develop within a
few months.
The
child becomes a somewhat aggressive personality, losing the ability to improve
all the different skills, especially language skills, with a certain pattern of
behavior.
Symptoms
of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that require Autism Therapy at Home to
avoid the aggravation of the problem include:
Difficulty in social interaction: The child fails to
respond to many questions, such as name and age and lacks facial
expression with difficulty speaking and he does not have the ability to
converse sound while acting aggressively when interacting with others.
The
child does not want to participate in play and likes to be isolated.
A series of erroneous behaviors: The child has some repetitive
behaviors and movements such as the continuous beating of the head, walking on
the fingertips, with some sensitivity to light, sticking to a game all the
time, eating one particular food, with specific intelligence signs.
Physical symptoms
There
may be some minor congenital malformations such as external ear deformities.
There may be abnormalities in fingerprinting in particular.
Behavioral and social symptoms
The
autistic child does not show the social affection and courting expected of
ordinary children, indicating that the child is not interacting with family
members.
The
child wants to play alone, isolating himself from others, no one is allowed to
participate in his activities, at the age of two or three years.
He
finds very difficult to distinguish parents from the rest of the people.
He
suffers from a lack of skills to make friends.
His
social behavior is not tactful.
Language
development is delayed in autistic children. It is difficult for them to use
the language to communicate with others.
The
difficulty of the language is not due to children's abstinence or lack of
motivation, but due to lack of development.
Causes
of Autism Spectrum Disorder
There
is no single known cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
There
are a number of causes behind this disease, the most important of which are:
birth factors, brain factors, embryonic factors, biological factors, and
immunological factors.
In
genetic causes, genes make the child more susceptible to autism because of the
influence of genes on brain growth and communication cells.
Many
scientists have confirmed that there is a large capacity of polluted air to
affect significantly on pregnant women.
Genetic factors
Scientific
studies have shown that the possibility of autism in siblings increases if one
of them has autism at a rate of forty-nine times to one hundred and ninety-nine
times.
If
autistic siblings are not infected with this disease, they are more likely to
have other disorders related to social communication.
The
incidence of this disease in similar twins is higher than that of unmatched
twins.
Biological factors
Many
scientific data indicate that a large number of autistic children suffer from
mental retardation, and a proportion of them ranging from 4% to 32% suffer from
traumatic stress disorder or so-called large epilepsy, and they show that
electrical brain designs performed on many autistic patients are abnormal,
which confirms the important role played by the biological factor in the
child's autism.
Immunological factors
A
number of studies have shown that immunological incompatibility can be one of
the causes of autism.
Lymphocytes
can interact with the antibodies of the mother, leading to an increased risk of
damage to the nervous tissue of the fetus.
Tips
for dealing with the autism
It
is imperative to accept the condition of the autistic child. Since there is no
cure for this disease that can deal with the child's behavior, and to improve
the child's behavior, to compare it with other children, to get the desired
results and to try to adopt the child as much as possible to the home.
So use
the reward method when treating a child with good behavior, and set a time to
relax to increase the child's sense of security.
Autism treatment methods
Drug
therapy focuses on treating the problem in the neurons and trying to control it
and relax it.
Teaching
children in special schools for autistic patients to be treated in a special
way that helps them communicate with others, interact with other children, integrate
with the world around them and respond to all the visual and acoustic
influences around them.
To
treat the child's pronunciation problem and teach him how to speak correctly
and to talk with others and to integrate with them.
Alternative
medicine, which some children and other children may respond to, may not
respond to this treatment.
When
you notice the symptoms of autism on the child should not be complacent and go
to the doctor immediately; to help the child in treatment and coexistence with
this disease and reduce the symptoms of this disease as much as possible.
There
are some parents when they notice the lack of attention to their son and his
indifference to anything around him.
But
if it repeats so much, it raises concerns and doubts about whether or not the
child is really autistic - especially when the child is male or if there are
any injuries in the family or anyone with neurological disorders.
Many
children who develop autism and seek treatment at an early age often help them
cope with the disease, respond to the effects around them better, and speak
better than other children who are late in treatment.
When
a child is in a family with autism, the parents should educate themselves well
about how to deal with the child and make him better cope with the
disease.
The
doctor should give advice to the patient so that they can help treat the
disease.
Although
the autistic child appears to be introverted and does not want to deal with
anyone and likes to sit alone, when he feels his parents love him so much and
care him, that will make him feel better and more optimistic and
responsive to the treatment.
Many
parents fall into this mistake, and there are parents, who cannot bear the many
screams of their son and the difficulty of dealing with him, neglecting or
rebuking him, but this method increases the child's condition worse and makes
him more aggressive.
The
love and understanding of the child are very important and necessary in helping
him to live with the disease and make him able in the future to respond to
others and rely on himself.
Conclusion
Parents
must be aware of such a case and avoid marital problems as much as possible as
we know that the psychological assessment is half the treatment and whenever
the child's psyche and was happy that will be a positive factor in the
treatment of the child and progress in treatment quickly also, but whenever the
child's psyche difficult, it may make the patient worse and more difficult
to control in the future.
This
may make him an aggressive person or suffer from mental retardation.