Electricity
is generally generated at a power plant by electromechanical generators, which
are mainly powered by thermal motors fueled by combustion, solar photovoltaic
and geothermal energy, nuclear fission, and other means such as kinetic energy
for the flow of water and wind.
 |
| How do you generate electrical charges? |
Electricity Generation Mechanism - How to Generate Electrical Charges
What is Electricity?
Electricity is the nerve of evolution witnessed by human
civilization and is one of the most important factors of the industrial
revolution in the nineteenth century, which is the basis of industrial and the technological development that we are witnessing nowadays, without electricity, a man could not invent the electric lamp and we would stay in darkness, and he
could not invent the electrical machines used in industry and agriculture in
various fields, which saved us time and effort, and even without electricity,
he could not invent computers and modern electronic devices. But how do we get electricity?
We get electricity by generating it from its sources, and
the sources of power generation are divided into:
Renewable sources such as wind, sun, and hydropower.
Non-renewable sources such as oil, gas and nuclear energy.
Electricity reaches us by generating electricity in wires
made of conductive material. The current is a large stream of electrical
charges.
What are the Electrical Charges?
Electrical charge is a physical characteristic of the material and is a natural source of
electromagnetic force.
Electrical
charges are particles that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. These
particles travel in wires made of electrical conductors and are connected to
the electrical current, and are measured in Colombian unit.
There are
two types of charges: positive electrical charges and negative electrical
charges. Particles carry negative, positive or neutral charges.
Positive
charges are coupled with protons while negative charges are coupled electrons
and neutrons are neutral.
The process
of transmission of electric charges is called the concept of electric
discharge, which is characterized by this process as a sudden and instantaneous
occurrence between two bodies that have a difference in the voltage of
electricity resulting in a sudden and unwanted electrical current.
Types of the power supply
Direct current (DC)
Direct
current (DC) is defined as the flow of electrical charges in one direction
which distinguishes it from the alternating current (AC).
Direct
current is produced from various sources such as batteries, solar cells,
thermocouples.
The direct
current flows in a conductor such as a wire, as it can also flow through
semiconductors, or insulating materials, or even through a vacuum as in
electrons or ions.
Alternating current (AC)
AC
power is constantly changing in the opposite direction, unlike its direct
current movement. An alternating current is a form of electrical power used in
companies and residences.
The usual waveform of the AC power circuit is a sine wave, there are many applications of
AC in a variety of waveforms, such as trigonometric or quadrilateral, audio and
radio signals on electric wires, are examples of applications of alternating
currents.
One of the
main objectives of these applications is to retrieve information encoded on the
AC signal.
Electricity sources
Primary
sources of energy include many forms, such as nuclear power, fossil energy,
including oil, coal and natural gas, and renewable sources including solar,
wind, geothermal and hydropower.
These
primary sources are converted into electrical energy, a secondary source of
energy, which flows through power lines and infrastructure to move to homes,
businesses, and others.
How can we generate electrical charges on an
object?
Electricity generation mechanism
Electricity
can be produced by the use of electromagnetic generators, a magnetic field
generated by electricity.
This generator contains a number of wires isolated from the wires, which form a
fixed cylinder, surrounded by a rotating electromagnetic pole, and when the
rotation of this electromagnetic axis, each part of the wire files becomes a
separate electrical conductor, and then the small currents of these separate
sections converge to form a large current.
This current
is the electricity that passes through the power lines from the generators to
the consumers.
In order to generate electrical charges on an object, there are several ways, including:
Method of kneading: The
electrical charges can be obtained through a piece of plastic with a piece of
wool that separates the electrons from the wool and transfers them to the
plastic to become a negative charge, or a piece of glass with a piece of silk
that separates the electrons from the glass and transfers them to the silk to
make the glass positive.
Method of touch: This is
done by touching the charged body of another body that is not charged, which
leads to the transfer of electric charges from the body charged to the other
body and the shipment to the body is not charged the same type of charge of
the body charged.
Induction method: This method can be explained through the following experiment:
Tools used: conductive and
isolated ball, wire and charged body (for example, positive charge).
How this experiment works?
Rounding
the charged object of the ball but not touching it, it will round the negative
charges of the ball from the charged body and will approximate the positive
charges of the charged body of the ball, because the different shipments
attract different and different.
Keep the
charged body close to the ball, connect a wire from the ball to the ground, and
the positive charges will be grounded while the negative charge remains on the
ball due to the force of the attraction between it and the charged body.
Lift the
wire off the ball and keep the body charged. Note that the ball is charged with a negative charge.
The Effect
Charges
are transported in this way if there is a charged object along with another
non-charged object isolated from the ground, where the electrons begin to
distribute between the objects despite the occurrence of an electrical parity
between them, electrons are attracted and stacked above the surface facing the
body and the charge is counter.
To generate
an electric field depends on the polarization of the charge counter above the surface facing him in the body and maintains the body to be equated with electricity.
We conclude
that the charge that travels to the uncharged body in this way is different
from the charge of the charged body.